55-year-old Prachanda, a former Prime Minister, managed to bag only 213 votes, with 99 members opposing his candidature.
Interestingly, 26 Maoist MPs did not turn up for the voting, which came more than five weeks after Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal resigned following intense Maoist pressure.
Poudyal, 65, also failed to touch the magic figure of 301, receiving just 122 votes in favour and 245 against, forcing the House to fix another round of voting for August 18.
Today's election came a day after Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's special envoy Shyam Saran held hectic parleys with top leaders of Nepal in an effort to defuse the political tension in the country.
During the third round of voting on August 2, Prachanda had secured 259 votes while Poudyal got 124.
Hours before the fourth round of voting today, a smaller Communist party having nine members in Parliament witnessed a split.
The new party named CPN-ML (Socialist) was formed after the split of the CPN-Marxist Leninist led by C P Mainali, who accused the Maoists of hatching conspiracy to divide his group.
Ahead of the voting, the CPN-UML with the strength of 109 and the Madhesi alliance with the combine strength of 84 and other smaller parties decided to remain neutral.
Published 06 August 2010, 11:36 IST