US dollar takes a breather, easing slightly from record highs, but still holds sway

The dollar took a breather on Tuesday after a sweeping rally, easing slightly from milestone highs on the euro, yen and sterling, but not too far as recession stalks Europe, and US interest rates are poised for sharp rises.

The euro was up 0.3 per cent to $0.99545 in Asia trade after it hit a two-decade low of $0.9876 on Monday as the prospects for a winter without Russian gas sunk in.

Overnight trade was thinned by a holiday in the United States and on Tuesday the highlight of the Asia session will be a central bank meeting in Australia, where markets have priced about a 64 per cent chance of a 50 basis point rate hike.

Russia has halted gas flow along the Nord Stream 1 pipeline to Germany indefinitely, at first blaming an oil leak at a compressor station but on Monday linking the stoppage to sanctions imposed by the west.

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Gazprom's Deputy Chief Executive Officer Vitaly Markelov told Reuters on Tuesday that the pipeline will not resume shipments until Siemens Energy repairs faulty equipment.

Sterling was last up 0.48 per cent to $1.1578, after sliding to a 2-1/2-year low of $1.1444 on Monday. Liz Truss is Britain's new Prime Minister after winning a leadership vote on Monday and her promises of tax cuts add uncertainty to government finances.

"Existential choices now need to be made, because there may not be enough energy to go round," said Michael Every, global strategist at Rabobank.

"The choices are obviously unappetising."

The dollar index fell 0.06 per cent to 109.53 after rising as high as 110.27 on Monday. The yen, which has tumbled as US rate hikes gather pace and widen the gap on anchored Japanese interest rates, last traded at 140.51 per dollar, not far from a 24-year trough of 140.80 hit last week.

Chinese authorities have stiffened their resistance to the dollar's rise and late on Monday cut the foreign exchange reserve requirement ratio (RRR), freeing up dollars for banks to sell.

The move had only a limited effect on the exchange rate, with the yuan steady at 6.9468 in offshore trade.

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The Australian and New Zealand dollars rose modestly ahead of the Reserve Bank of Australia's rates decision, though analysts weren't convinced a big rate hike in Australia would move the dial too far.

The Aussie was last 0.24 per cent higher at $0.6814 and the kiwi rose 0.41 per cent to $0.6117.

"In general, currency reactions to rate rises outside of the US in recent months, even if they exceed expectations, don't seem to have more than a temporary impact," said National Australia Bank's head of FX strategy, Ray Attrill.

"I think the key would be obviously in the language of the statement."