Caro had said she began suffering from anorexia when she was 13, and she weighed about 27 kilograms when the photos that made her famous were taken.
After a 21-year-old Brazilian model died from the eating disorder, Italian photographer Oliviero Toscani produced a 2007 campaign for an Italian fashion house that plastered newspapers and billboards with a naked picture of a spectral Caro looking over her shoulder at the camera, vertebrae and facial bones protruding under the slogan "No Anorexia."
The campaign gained Caro widespread attention in media in countries around Europe and in the United States, and she spoke out often about her anorexia and her efforts to recover, and the menace of eating disorders on the fashion industry.
Caro's longtime acting instructor, Daniele Dubreuil-Prevot, told the AP yesterday that Caro died on Nov. 17 after returning to France from a job in Tokyo.
Dubreuil-Prevot said she did not know the cause of death but that Caro "had been sick for a long time" and spent years in and out of hospitals. Her death and her illness "are an absolute waste," the acting teacher said.
Caro wrote a book published in France in 2008 titled "The Little Girl Who Didn't Want to Get Fat," served as a member of the jury on Top Model France, and worked periodically as a film and television actress. In one appearance, she was interviewed by Jessica Simpson for the VH1 show "The Price of Beauty."
In one online video, Caro ends with words of advice for aspiring models: "Believe in life."
Her agent, Sylvie Fabregon, told The Associated Press that the Italian campaign was intended "to show what it is like to be anorexic."
Some groups working with anorexics warned, however, that the attention paid to Caro did a disservice to others afflicted with the disorder.
Images of Caro appeared on so-called pro-ana, or pro-anorexia websites. Yesterday, one posted a notice about her death and a photo of her, large blue-green eyes peering over a child-size upper arm, with the caption, "die young, stay pretty."
Swiss singer Vincent Bigler and Caro had been working on a video for a song he wrote about anorexia called "J'ai fin," a wordplay in French that means roughly "I am the end" but is pronounced identically to "I am hungry."