However, the cost incurred by Indian government and companies on lobbying with US lawmakers in 2010 marks a significant drop of about one-third vis-a-vis spending in the previous year, when this figure stood at about USD 2.2 million.
The issue of lobbying has created a big controversy in recent months in India after leakage of taped conversations between a corporate lobbyist and a number of people from politics, business, the media and other areas.
The controversy led to talk of the Indian government also considering framing regulations for lobbying activities. However, the government and private companies have been officially lobbying in the US for many years to put forward their cases with the American government and lawmakers.
Lobbying is legal in the US and all the lobbyists there are required to file a quarterly report with the Senate, detailing their clients, the departments with whom they were lobbying and the fees charged for the same.
According to the lobbying disclosure reports filed with the Senate for the quarter ended December 31, 2010, the Indian government and companies together paid about USD 4,00,000 to lobbyists for putting forward their cases before US lawmakers.
This has taken the total lobbying cost incurred by Indian companies and the government for the entire 2010 to USD 1.57 million, as against USD 2.2 million in 2009.
Experts said the drop in lobbying expenses partly reflects the state of economy and the resultant cost-cutting exercise undertaken by the government as well as companies.
The Indian government alone paid over USD 420,000 during 2010 to high-profile lobbyist Barbour Griffith & Rogers (BGR), while the private sector companies together paid more than USD 11,50,000 to their lobbyists.
The lobbying for the Indian government was done mostly with the US Senate on issues related to the bilateral relationship between the two countries, the disclosure said.
Till last year, the Indo-US nuclear deal used to be the main lobbying issue for the Indian government.
On the other hand, the private sector lobbied on issues related to their respective businesses.
The most prominent among the private sector entities, billionaire industrialist Mukesh Ambani-led Reliance Industries, paid a total of USD 7,60,000 to its US lobbyist, which also happens to be BGR.
RIL paid USD 190,000 each in the four quarters of 2010, while the amounts were the same in the previous year.
Others who indulged in lobbying in the US during 2010 include apex software sector body Nasscom, Carpet Export Promotion Council, Flyington Freighters, the Gems and Jewellery Export Promotion Council and Gujarat Fluorochemicals.
In the past, a host of other Indian entities -- including the Tata Group, industry chamber CII, L&T, SAIL, Ranbaxy and Sun Pharma -- have also lobbied in the US, but the latest disclosure filings by lobbyists do not mention their names.
The Indian government's lobbying bill also came down heavily to USD 420,000 during 2010 from USD 700,000 in the previous year.
While the maximum lobbying expense incurred by the Indian government was in 2007, at USD 720,000, India began lobbying with US lawmakers in 2005, when it incurred a total cost of USD 240,000 for the same. The corresponding figures for the years 2008, 2007 and 2006 were USD 630,000, USD 720,000 and USD 640,000, respectively.
The Indian government has been lobbying with the American lawmakers since 2005 on issues related to nuclear deal and bilateral Indo-US relationships and its total spending has crossed USD 3 million (around Rs 15 crore).
Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and then-US President George Bush had first announced their intention to enter into a nuclear agreement in July, 2005.
The first instance of a lobbying-related payment was made by the Indian government in the last quarter of 2005. At that time, BGR had said that it "provided guidance and counsel with regard to issues impacting bilateral relations between the US and the Republic of India, including a potential civil nuclear agreement."