The former New Zealand 'keeper took six catches, including one to dismiss former Black Caps batsman Mathew Sinclair, during Central's first innings and seven, including catches from internationals Jamie How and Ross Taylor, in its second.
Northern won the four-day match at Cobham Oval, Whangarei by nine wickets.
McGlashan, 30, broke the record shared by 11 players, including former Australian wicketkeeper Rod Marsh and Zimbabwean Wayne James, when he caught Bevan Griggs off the bowling of Graham Aldridge Thursday. Aldridge took a career-best 11 wickets in the match.
James took 11 catches in his only first-class match, for Matabeleland against Mashonaland CD in Bulawayo in 1995-96. He also effected two stumpings to set a world record of 13 dismissals in a match and made scores of 99 and 99 not out.
McGlashan's step-grandfather Robin Schofield holds the Central Districts record of seven dismissals in an innings, set against Wellington in 1964-65.
"I just had to wait and be patient. There's nothing you can do as a 'keeper, unlike a bowler or batsman on the verge of a record," said McGlashan, who has played two Twenty20 and four limited-overs internationals for New Zealand.
"I had no idea when it (the record) was going to come so I just had to continue my job of taking every ball that came to me."