Prime Minister Narendra Modi arrived here today on a two-day visit to attend the SCO summit which is set to deliberate on several pressing global issues, including the future of the Iran nuclear deal, the impact of US sanctions on Russia and the situation in the Indo-Pacific region.
It is Modi’s second visit to China in little over five weeks after he travelled to Wuhan in April end for an informal summit with President Xi Jinping during which both sides had decided to take steps to solidify bilateral relationship, which was hit by last year's Doklam standoff.
The prime minister's visit to this picturesque coastal city of China's Shandong province is seen as an indication of efforts by both countries to maintain the momentum in ties.
It is for the first time the Indian prime minister will be attending the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit after India along with Pakistan became full-fledged members of the grouping, jointly dominated by China and Russia, which has been increasingly seen as a counter to NATO.
"The SCO has a rich agenda for cooperation, ranging from fighting terrorism, separatism and extremism to promoting cooperation in connectivity, commerce, customs, law, health and agriculture; protecting the environment and mitigating disaster risk, and fostering people-to-people relations," Modi said in a pre-departure statement.
He said since India became a full member of the SCO, its interaction with the bloc and its member countries has grown considerably in these areas.
"I believe that the Qingdao Summit will further enrich the SCO agenda while heralding a new beginning for India’s engagement with the SCO," he said.
Diplomats said the summit is also likely to explore ways to deepen cooperation among the SCO member countries in dealing with threats of terrorism, extremism, and radicalisation besides delving into issues relating to trade, investment, and connectivity.
"Ni hao Qingdao! Prime Minister @narendramodi warmly welcomed on his arrival for the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in the beautiful port city of Qingdao. India is looking forward to contribute towards a successful outcome from the Summit," External Affairs Ministry Spokesperson Raveesh Kumar tweeted, soon after Modi landed here.
The SCO currently has eight member countries which represents around 42 percent of the world’s population and 20 percent of the global GDP.
Besides Modi, other leaders attending the summit include Chinese President Xi, Russian President Vladimir Putin, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani and Pakistan President Mamnoon Hussain.
In his address at the SCO, Modi is likely to articulate India's position on dealing with major challenges facing the world including ways to tackle terrorism, and boosting trade and investment in the region.
The summit is taking place under the shadow of Washington's withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal, its sanction regime against Russia and frictions with China over the trade tariff dispute. Diplomats said all these issues may figure at the summit as well as during deliberations on its sidelines.
In the wake of Washington’s strained ties with Russia, China and Iran, officials said the SCO summit will provide an opportunity for President Xi and his Russian counterpart Putin to reflect on a common vision for the region and present the bloc as a powerful voice to deal with pressing global issues.
The situation in the Indo-Pacific may figure in the talks but it is unlikely that the issue will find a mention in the SCO outcome document.
Officials said the US pull out from the Iran nuclear deal, Washington’s sanctions against Russia under the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA) may also figure in the talks. The sanctions have impacted Russia’s defence cooperation with a number of countries including India.
The SCO leaders are also expected to review the situation in the Korean peninsula, Afghanistan and Syria.
Officials said India will pitch for evolving effective ways to deal with the growing challenge of terrorism and enhancing security cooperation among SCO countries.
India is also keen on deepening its security-related cooperation with the SCO and its Regional Anti-Terrorism Structure (RATS) which specifically deals with issues relating to security and defence.
India was an observer at the SCO since 2005 and has generally participated in the ministerial-level meetings of the grouping which focus mainly on security and economic cooperation in the Eurasian region.
The officials said India is also likely to focus on the importance of regional connectivity projects to boost trade among members of the SCO countries.
India has been strongly pushing for connectivity projects like the Chabahar port project and International North-South Transport Corridor to gain access to resource-rich central Asian countries.
Modi is expected to hold nearly half a dozen bilateral meetings with leaders of other SCO countries. However, there is no official word on whether there will be any interaction between Modi and Pakistan President Hussain, who is scheduled to attend the meeting.
The SCO was founded at a summit in Shanghai in 2001 by the presidents of Russia, China, Kyrgyz Republic, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. India and Pakistan became its members last year.