SFJ leader Gurpatwant Singh Pannun.
Credit: YouTube screengrab
New Delhi: Gurpatwant Singh Pannun, the target of a foiled murder plot in the US, is an immigration attorney charged with terrorism in India for advocating separatism and holding referendums overseas to carve out an independent Sikh state.
US authorities have thwarted an attempt to kill him and have issued a warning to India over concerns that New Delhi was involved, prompting Indian officials to express "surprise and concern" in response, Biden administration officials said on Wednesday.
This is the second diplomatic incident that has thrust New Delhi in the global spotlight after Canada accused it of being linked to the killing of a Sikh separatist in Vancouver in June.
Social media advocacy
Pannun is best known for issuing frequent video messages on social media, often described as threatening towards Indian leaders and the government.
Most recently, India's anti-terror agency filed a case against him on charges related to terrorism and conspiracy, stating that he threatened in a video flag carrier Air India's passengers that their lives were in danger.
Pannun told Reuters his message was to boycott the airline, "not bomb" it, and the case against him was "frivolous" and meant to hinder his new referendum in 2024 in the US on establishing Khalistan, the state demanded by separatists.
He said that the referendum initiative has been launched to "peacefully advance the cause of liberating the Indian-held Punjab (state)". Some Sikh separatists say they are seeking an independent homeland to protect their culture and religion in Hindu majority India.
Criminal cases
New Delhi listed Pannun as an "individual terrorist" in 2020 for what it said is challenging India's security by financing violence and issuing appeals to "Punjab-based gangsters and youth" to fight for Khalistan.
An arrest warrant has been issued against him in India, where he was born in the northern state of Punjab.
Pannun's popularity has been mainly limited to some sections of the Sikh diaspora abroad, as he organised Khalistan referendums in Britain and Canada.
In January 2021, during farmers' protests in India against new farm laws, the anti-terror agency registered a case against Pannun for an alleged conspiracy to incite rebellion against the Indian government, media reported.
Pannun says he has dual citizenship of US and Canada. His law firm says on its website that it has offices in Queens, New York, and Fremont, California.
'Death to India'
Pannun does his advocacy for Khalistan through his Sikhs for Justice (SFJ) group, founded in 2007, and labelled as an "unlawful association" by India in 2019, citing its support for extremist and secessionist activities.
The SFJ calls itself a human rights advocacy group, with offices in Washington, London and Toronto.
In September, SFJ launched a "death to India - Balkanize" campaign to "shut down Indian missions" globally after Canada said that it was investigating allegations linking Indian agents to the Sikh separatist's killing.
India sees the decades-long but now fringe demand for Khalistan as a security threat due to a violent insurgency in the 1970s and 1980s by Sikh militants in Punjab, in which tens of thousands were killed.